Abstract The main Serbian TIMSS 2003 results showed that (a) mathematics
achievement of the Serbian students, expressed by average percent correct on
all test items, was 41, being equal to the international average; (b) the
best achievement of the Serbian students was found for tasks on algebra,
whereas the poorest achievement was obtained for tasks on data; and (c) while
21\% of the Serbian students had reached the high TIMSS 2003 international
benchmark, 20\% of themhad not attained basic mathematical knowledge and
skills. These results were examined the light of the TIMSS 2003 results
of other economically and educationally similar entities as well as the
results of relevant educational studies realized in Serbia in last twenty
years. The article also gives a direction for improvements of the Serbian
mathematics education supported by the Serbian TIMSS 2003 results.
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